Test Preparation : No special preparation required
Sample : Peripheral blood in EDTA (2 - 3 mL) or bone marrow in EDTA (1 -2 mL)
Methodlogy : Flow Cytometry
Description :
WHAT IS IT?
Leukemia is a kind of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. Important diagnostic methods used in the evaluation of leukemia include DNA ploidy and S-phase analysis. DNA ploidy is a measurement of the amount of DNA present in the cells. While the DNA content of cancer cells, including those in leukemia, might change, it is constant in normal cells. The quantity of normal (diploid) or aberrant (aneuploid) DNA in the leukemia cells may be determined by DNA ploidy analysis. As aneuploid cells are frequently linked to more aggressive illness, this information is critical for distinguishing the kind and severity of leukemia. On the other hand, S-phase analysis measures the proportion of leukemia cells that are actively dividing during the S-phase, a particular stage of the cell cycle. This examination assists in determining the rate of leukemia cell growth. A larger proportion of S-phase cells may signify a leukemia that is developing more quickly, which may have an impact on prognosis and treatment options. Leukemia is thoroughly characterized by DNA ploidy and S-phase studies, which aid medical professionals in identifying the subtype, stage, and probable response to treatment. This knowledge is essential for developing tailored treatment plans for leukemia patients, increasing the chance of a positive result.
WHY?
In the context of leukemia, DNA ploidy and S-phase analysis serve as essential diagnostic techniques that offer vital insights into the makeup and activity of leukemia cells. These exams are helpful in a number of ways. Leukemia cells are first divided into diploid (normal DNA content) and aneuploid (abnormal DNA content) groups using DNA ploidy analysis. The aggressiveness of the leukemia and its propensity for quick growth and dissemination are determined by this categorization. An aggressive type of the illness is frequently indicated by an aneuploid state, necessitating a more aggressive therapeutic strategy. In addition, S-phase analysis measures the proportion of leukemia cells that are actively dividing at a certain stage of the cell cycle. This measurement reflects the pace at which leukemia cells proliferate. A leukemia that is developing more quickly and may call for more severe treatment methods may have a larger percentage of cells in the S-phase. Healthcare professionals may reliably identify and categorize leukemia subtypes, direct treatment choices, and anticipate a patient's response to therapy with the use of DNA ploidy and S-phase analyses. It makes it possible to create individualized treatment regimens that are suited to the specifics of the illness, increasing the likelihood that leukemia patients will receive a successful course of therapy and have better results.
PRECAUTIONS
S-phase analysis and DNA ploidy analysis are frequently used to diagnose leukemia. Although there aren't many requirements, it's vital to speak with your healthcare professional to get detailed instructions. You should let them know if you are presently taking any drugs or dietary supplements since they may interfere with DNA content testing or cell cycle measures. Fasting is often not necessary, although it is advised to wear loose-fitting clothing. To avoid tension or worry, which can impair performance, relaxation is crucial. To guarantee accurate findings and a seamless testing process, adhere to your healthcare provider's recommendations.
