Test Preparation : No special preparation required

Sample : Paraffin Blocks/Tissue in buffered formalin

Methodlogy : IHC

Description :

WHAT IS IT?

A specific diagnostic method called immunohistochemistry (IHC) S100 is used to locate and identify S100 proteins in biological tissue samples. Several physiological functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and inflammation, are regulated by the tiny, calcium-binding S100 protein family. In the IHC S100 test, certain antibodies are used that attach to S100 proteins found in tissue sections, enabling microscopic inspection of the proteins. Due to the frequent expression of S100 proteins in neural and mesenchymal cell types, this method is very useful for identifying these cell types. IHC S100 is frequently used in clinical pathology to help diagnose a variety of illnesses, including as brain and mesenchymal tumors, as well as dermatological problems. Pathologists can precisely characterize different tissue types thanks to the test's capacity to specifically highlight the presence of the S100 protein. This information is crucial for patient management and therapy choices.

WHY?

S100 protein is a marker for brain damage in various pathological conditions such as trauma, Alzheimer's disease, subarachnoid hemorrhage, ischemic stroke, and neurological disorders. It is also used for monitoring treatment efficacy and early detection of recurrences in malignant melanoma and other neoplastic diseases. It is also associated with perinatal hypoxic CNS lesions in children and inflammatory diseases. The level of S100 protein can be used as an additional tool in clinical data and instrumental studies to manage patients with possible brain damage. It is essential for early detection of recurrences in malignant melanoma, perinatal hypoxic CNS lesions in children, and in inflammatory diseases.

PRECAUTIONS

The S100 protein test is a popular lgE blood test in which a tiny blood sample is needed to evaluate the patient's blood's measurement of the S100 protein. On the day of the test, it is advisable that the patient wear a half-sleeve shirt or a shirt with readily folding sleeves because blood samples are often obtained from the veins in the elbow. As previously indicated, this is a typical sort of lgE blood test that doesn't need for fasting, allowing patients to continue eating normally on the day of the test. No fasting is necessary for the test unless the doctor advises otherwise.